Experiencing Music Technology-4th Edition
Print Book and E-book Versions (© 2023)
Preface (see selected portions)
Viewport I: Musicians and Their Use of Technology
- Overview
- Music Technology in Practice: College Students at Work in a Recording Session
- Music Technology in Practice: College Students Performing a “Cover” — Rob Dunn and Brittany May
- Project Suggestions for Viewport I
Module 1: People and Music: Technology’s Importance in Changing Times
- Why Study This Module?
- Musicians and Technology
- The Importance of Human Creation
- Changing Patterns of Music Curricula in Higher Education
- Technology Adoption and Change
Module 2: People Making Technology: The Dance of Music and Technology
- Why Study This Module?
- Ballet of Music and Technology
- Five Periods of Music and Technology
- The Mechanical Age: 1600s to Mid-1800s
- Powered by Electricity: Mid-1800s to Early 1900s
- Vacuum Tubes: Early to Mid-1900s
- Transistors and Miniaturization: 1950s to 1970s
- Personal Computers: Late 1970s to 2000s
- Back to the Future: Key Technologies of the Present
- Webport I: Module 2 (e-book only)
Module 3: People Competencies for Music Technology
- Why Study This Module?
- People, Procedures, Data, Software, and Hardware
- Core Competencies and Solving Problems
- Webport I: Module 3 (e-book only)
Module 4: Getting Help
- Why Study this Module?
- Online Support
- People with Technical Knowledge and Skills
- Printed Materials
- Professional Associations
- Professional Conferences
- Webport I Resources
- Webport I: Module 4 (e-book only)
Module 5: Finding Your Experience Level
- Why Study this Module?
- Growing Levels of Experience
- Considerations for Platform and Operating Systems
- Choosing Hardware
- Choosing Software
Project Details for Viewport I
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Viewport II: Platforms, Operating Systems, and Internet Concepts for Musicians
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Viewport II: Platforms, Operating Systems, and Internet Concepts for Musicians
- Overview
- Music Technology in Practice: Composer Working with Score —Frank Ticheli
- Project Suggestions for Viewport II
Module 6: Operating Systems, Digital Work Habits, Copyright, and Internet Software
- Why Study This Module?
- Devices and Their Operating Systems
- Keeping Current
- Basic Functions
- Drives
- Files and Folders (e-book only)
- Connecting Hardware and Internet Connections
- Look and Feel of Devices
- Digital Work Habits
- Naming and Saving on All Devices
- Viruses, Malware and Device Security
- Choosing and Managing Passwords (e-book only)
- Backing Up (e-book only)
- Complexities of Copyright
- Length of Copyright
- Notion of “Covers”
- Performance Rights
- Streaming Services
- Fair Use
- Future of Copyright
- Internet-Based Software for Personal and Professional Development
- Service and Hosting (e-book only)
- Web Browsers (e-book only)
- Email (e-book only)
- File Sharing (e-book only)
- Digital Audio Services: Sharing, Streaming, and Purchasing
- Developing a Personal Learning Network (PLN) (e-book only)
- Webport II: Module 6 (e-book only)
Module 7: Concepts of Computers, Networking, and the Internet
- Why Study This Module?
- Analog to Digital: Computers and the Analog World
- Counting and Thinking with 1 and 0
- Computer Bits and Bytes
- Serial and Parallel: Computers and Their Peripherals
- Network Protocols: Communicating Among Computer Devices
- Internet’s Primary Protocol: TCP/IP
- Domain Names and IP Addresses
- Sorting Out Domain Names
- Email Internet Protocols: POP, IMAP, and SMTP (e-book only)
- The World Wide Web: URL, HTTP, HTML, and More
- Web Internet Addresses and Protocols: URLs and HTTP
- Constructing Web Documents: HTML
- Web 2.0: HTML5, CSS, XML and More (e-book only)
- File Formats: Sharing Files
- Packaging and Compressing Sets of Files: ZIP, TAR, Z, DMG, and EXE
- Text Documents: ASCII, RTF, DOC, PAGES, ODT, and PDF
- Music and Audio: WAV, AIF, MIDI and More
- Graphics and Video
- Safe Computing: Backup and the Cloud
- Clone Backup
- Incremental Backup
- Synchronized Backup
- What Backup or Backups to Use?
- Webport II: Module 7 (e-book only)
Module 8: EMT Workstation Designs: Internals and Connectivity
- Why Study This Module?
- The Five Components of a Computer System
- The Internal Process of Computer Devices
- CPU, GPU, and the Clock
- Memory: RAM and ROM
- Internal Connectivity: SATA and PCIe
- Audio Codecs
- Internal Storage: HDD and SSD
- Chromebook and Mobile Internals
- Chromebooks
- Mobile Devices
- Wired Connectivity
- The Wires: USB and Thunderbolt
- The Protocols: USB and Thunderbolt
- Applying USB and Thunderbolt to Desktop and Mobile Devices
- Wired Internet: Ethernet, Fiber, and More
- Ethernet Internet
- Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) and Cable Internet (ebook only)
- Fiber Internet
- Applications for Wired Internet
- Wireless Connectivity
- Wireless: NFC and Bluetooth
- Wireless: Wi-Fi and Cellular
- Takeaways
- Webport II: Module 8 (e-book only)
Module 9: EMT Workstation Designs: Internals and Connectivity
- Why Study This Module?
- Input Devices
- Keyboards
- Mouse Devices
- Touch Pads and Screens
- Pencils and Styluses
- Virtual Assistants
- Output Devices
- External Storage: HDD and SSD, Flash and SD, CD and DVD
- Video: VGA, HDMI, DVI, Thunderbolt and More
- Audio Output
- Internet Hardware
- EMT-1 Applications Wrap Up
- The Desktop Workstation
- The Mobile Workstation
- Webport II: Module 9 (e-book only)
Project Details for Viewport II
Viewport III: Analog and Digital Audio Basics
- Big Picture: Digital Music Production and Live Performance
- Overview
- :Music Technology in Practice: Musicians and Music Production—Henry Panion and Ian Keel
- Suggested Projects for Viewport III
Module 10: Concepts of Acoustics, Audiology, and Digital Audio
- Why Study This Module?
- Acoustical and Perceptual Dimensions of Sound
- Vibrations, Frequency, and Amplitude
- Envelopes
- Harmonic Spectrum
- Summary of the Acoustic Properties of Sound
- Audiology and the Human Ear
- Components of the Human Ear
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Protecting Ears of Musicians
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Digital Audio: Analog to Digital and Back
- Sampling Rates and Quantizing
- Optimizing the Quality of Digital Audio
- Formats and Compression for Storing Digital Audio Files
- Sound Compression
- Lossy Audio: Increasing Compression While Fooling the Ear
- Streaming Audio Files for the Internet
- Music Synthesis Techniques
- Analog Synthesis: Additive, Subtractive, and Distortive
- Physical Modeling
- Digital Wave Synthesis
- Granular Synthesis
Webport III: Module 10 (ebook only)
Module 11: Building a Basic Analog and Digital Music Studio
- Why Study This Module?
- Introducing EMT-2 and EMT-3 Music Studio Models
- Sorting Out Audio Plugs and Ports
- Analog Audio Studio with EMT-2
- Simple Analog and USB Audio Interfaces
- Connecting to the Outside World: Input and Output
- The Role of a Mixer
- Microphones
- EMT-2 Mobile Considerations
- Web Audio and Web MIDI
- Digital Audio Studio with EMT-3
- Features of Digital Audio Interfaces
- Integrating a USB Audio Interface into the EMT-3 Design
- Sound Drivers and Latency: Why is My Computer Behind the Beat?
- EMT-3 Mobile and Chromebook Considerations
- Storage and Sharing Digital Audio Work
- Digital Music Players and Smartphones
- CD/DVD-R Drives
- Flash Memory and SD Cards
- Cloud-based Storage
- Webport III: Module 11 (e-book only)
Module 12: Wave Editing and Basic-Level DAW Software
- Why Study This Module?
- Preliminaries
- Understanding Mono, Stereo, Channel and Track
- Wave Editors vs. Basic-Level Digital Audio Workstations
- Installation, Space Use, and Plug-ins
- Importing Pre-Existing Audio
- Recording Live Audio and Auditing Playback
- Choosing the Right Platform
- Exemplar Software: Wave Editors
- Audacity (macOS/Windows/Linux)
- WavePad (Windows, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, Android)
- TwistedWave (macOS, iOS, iPadOS, web-based)
- Introduction to Audio Effects Processing
- Critical Role of Effects
- Families of Effects
- Exemplar Software: Basic-Level DAWs
- GarageBand (macOS)
- Mixcraft Recording Studio (Windows)
- Soundation Chrome Studio (Web-Based)
- Audio Evolution Mobile (iOS, iPadOS, Android)
- Webport III: Module 12 (e-book only)
Module 13: Concepts of Modular Analog Synthesis and Synthesizers
- Why Study This Module?
- A Bit of Analog History
- Two Pioneers: Buchla, Moog, and Others
- Analog Synthesizers Modules
- Primary Components
- Basic Modules of an Analog Synthesizer
- Adding Elements of Control and Modulation
- Global Controls and Effects
- Virtual Renaissance of Analog Synthesizers
- Minimoog Virtual Analog Synth
- Setting a Patch for the Minimoog Synth
- Getting Started: A Sample of Physical and Virtual Analog Synths
- KORG littleBits Analog Synthesizer Kit
- MonoStereo Synthesizer
- Common Analog Synthesizer (AN Synth)
- ARP ODYSSEi
- Eurorack: Open-Source Virtual Modular Systems and VCV Rack
- Webport III: Module 13 (e-book only)
Project Details for Viewport III
Viewport IV: Adding MIDI to the Mix
- Overview
- A Potpourri of Audio and MIDI Effects
- Music Technology in Practice: Music Technology Professor, Composer and Guitaring— V. J. Manzo
- Suggested Projects for Viewport IV
Module 14: Concepts of MIDI
- Why Study This Module?
- How MIDI Works?
- Understanding MIDI Performance Codes
- MIDI Device Configurations
- Channel Messages
- Defining Channels for MIDI Traffic Flow
- System Messages
- General MIDI
- General MIDI Instrument Groups
- MIDI 2.0 Specifications
- Web MIDI
- Mapping MIDI Codes: Hardware Meets Software
- MIDI Connectivity and Networking
- The Original MIDI Connectivity
- Virtual Wired Solutions: USB and More
- Virtual Wireless Solutions: Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and More
- Inter-App Solutions: IAC, AU, VST and Mobile Alternatives
- Storing and Exchanging MIDI Files
- Managing MIDI and Audio Resources
- Apple macOS Resources
- Microsoft Windows and Other Resources
- MIDI and Audio Timing: SMPTE, MIDI Time Codes, ADAT, and Word Clock
- Who’s Conducting This Group?
- Keeping the FSK Tape Time and SMPTE Time
- Keeping the MIDI Time: MIDI Time Messages
- ADAT and Word Clock Time
- Experiencing MIDI Software and Hardware
- Webport IV: Module 14 (e-book only)
Module 15: MIDI Editing and Basic-Level DAW Software
- Why Study This Module?
- Preliminaries
- MIDI Versus Digital Audio
- MIDI Channels and Timbre Numbers—Getting Connected
- Exemplar Software: Basic Level DAWs and MIDI
- GarageBand (macOS)
- Mixcraft Recording Studio (Windows)
- Studio One Artist (macOS, Windows)
- Soundtrap (Web-Based)
- Audio Evolution Mobile (Android, iOS, iPadOS)
- GarageBand (iPadOS)
- Specialized Software for Mobile Platforms
- DAW: Korg Gadget 2
- DAW: NanoStudio 2
- Software Synthesizer: Audio Kit Synth One (iOS, iPadOS
- Beatbox/Drum Machine: DM1-The Drum Machine (iOS, iPadOS, macOS)
- Workflow Utilities: Audiobus and AUM-Audio Mixer
- Mixing and Mastering with Basic-Level DAWs
- File Formats and Distribution
- Mixing and Mastering Capabilities for DAWs at All Levels
- Mixing and Mastering: Are They the Same?
- Personal Choices with Mixing and Mastering: A Few Hints
- Webport IV: Module 15 (e-book only)
Module 16: MIDI Hardware: Interfaces and a Cornucopia of Controllers
- Why Study This Module?
- Overview of MIDI Hardware
- MIDI Hardware Basics
- Traditional MIDI Networks
- MIDI THRUs, Mergers, and Patchbays
- EMT-4 Music Studio with MIDI
- The Mobile Version of EMT-4
- Keyboard Controllers
- Pad Controllers
- EMT-5 Enhanced MIDI Music Studio
- Controller Cornucopia: Drums, Guitars, Winds, and More
- Drum Controllers
- Guitar and String Controllers
- Voice Controllers
- Wind Controllers
- Mixer Control Surfaces: Hardware for the Software DAWs
- Hardware Mixer Controllers
- Mapping the Hardware to DAW Software
- Automated Mixing
- Tablets and Smartphones as Mixer Control Surfaces
- Creating New Modes of Expression
- Pioneers Experimenting
- Sweat, Movement, and Biofeedback Controllers
- Experimentation with MIDI and Music Learning
- Hardware Tools for the DIY Experimenter
- Subjective Factors for MIDI Controllers
- Webport IV: Module 16 (e-book only)
Project Details for Viewport IV
Viewport V: More Advanced Digital Audio Workstations
- Overview
- Music Technology in Practice: Film and TV Composer, Arranger and Producer—Steve Morrell
- Suggested Projects for Viewport V
Module 17: Multichannel Audio Hardware and Concepts
- Why Study This Module?
- Superheroes: The DSP Algorithms, Chips, and Plug-ins
- Audio Mixer Concepts and Design
- Routing and Channels
- Summing, Buses, and Mixes
- Processing: Effects, Dynamic Processors, and More
- Effect Mixes: Aux and Insert Buses
- More on Mixes for Groups and Effects
- The EMT Digital Audio Workstation Goes Multichannel
- Inputs for Recording or Performing
- Outputs for Recording, Monitor-Studio Audio, and Stage Audio
- EMT-6A: Analog Mixers
- Hands-on with an Analog Mixer
- Advantages and Disadvantages of an Analog Mixer Solution
- EMT-6B: Digital Mixers
- Hands-on with a Digital Mixer
- Hands-on with an Expanded Feature Digital Mixer
- Advantages and Disadvantages of a Digital Mixer Solution
- EMT-6C: Virtual or In-the-Box Mixers
- Hardware Mixer Control Surfaces
- Hands-on with a Multichannel Audio/MIDI Interface
- Hands-on with a Multichannel Mixer Controller
- Advantages and Disadvantages of a Virtual, In-the-Box Mixer Solution
- Three Mixer + Hybrid Solutions Wrap Up
- Just Getting Started
- Ready to Move Up
- A Good Fit for ITB Mixing?
- Mixers for Special Recording Needs
- Wireless Multichannel Portable Mixers
- Podcasting
- Small Mixers for Small Jobs
- DJ Mixers
- Portable Recorder/Players
- Moving up to Surround Sound (e-book only)
- Webport V: Module 17 (e-book only)
Module 18 Software for Advanced DAWs
- Why Study This Module?
- The Advanced DAW Landscape
- Eleven Advanced DAWs
- Notable Characteristics
- Which Advanced DAW is Best?
- Exemplar Software
- Logic Pro (macOS)
- Software Similar to Logic Pro
- Auria Pro (iPadOS)
- Ableton Live (macOS, Windows)
- Software Similar to Ableton Live
- Concluding Perspective: Advanced DAWs and Hardware
- Mixers
- DAWs
- Examples of DAW/Hardware Tradeoffs
- Audio Production Timeline
- Webport V: Module 18 (e-book only)
Project Details for Viewport V
Viewport VI: Music Notation Production
- Overview
- Music Technology in Practice: Professors and Composers—Chia-ya Hsu and Jenni Brandon
- Suggested Projects for Viewport VI
Module 19: Representing Music on the Printed or Digital Page
- Why Study This Module?
- How Is Symbolic Music Notation Represented in a Computer?
- Data Structures for Performing and Display
- Translating Data Between Performance and Display
- Tour of Computer Music-Coding Systems
- Pre-1960s: Music Typography and Mechanical Coding
- Mid-1960s to Mid-1970s: Friendlier Text-Based Music Coding
- Late 1970s to Early 1980s: Enter the Personal Computer
- Mid-1980s: The Democratization of Desktop Music Publishing
- Late 1980s and 1990s: Intelligent Rule-Based Music-Coding Systems
- 1990s: Seeking Interchangeable Notation-Coding Systems
- Universal Solution for CMN Coding
- Recordare's MusicXML
- Deciphering MusicXML Tags
- File Formats for Notation Applications
- More on File Formats
- Music Notation Import and Export Formats
- Sibelius
- Finale
- SmartScore
- Music Fonts for Notation
- Two Flavors of Music Fonts: Bitmapped and Outline
- Standard Music Font Layout (SMuFL)
- Potpourri of Music Fonts
- Is WYPWYP Music Software Possible?
- Webport VI: Module 19 (e-book only)
Module 20: Entry Techniques for Scorewriters
- Why Study This Module?
- Entry of Music Symbols
- Alphanumeric Keyboards, Key Shortcuts, and Numeric Keypads
- Mouse with Icons, Palettes, and Ribbon
- Step-time with MIDI Keyboard and Virtual Keyboard
- Real-Time MIDI Recording
- Real-time Recording with Tap or Foot Pedal (ebook only)
- Live or Recorded Audio
- Handwritten Notation
- Closing Thoughts on Entry Techniques for Music Notation
- Webport VI: Module 20 (e-book only)
Module 21: Software for Scorewriting, Scanning, and Digital Music Readers
- Why Study This Module
- Scorewriting Software
- Six Exemplar Scorewriters for Desktop Computers: Dorico, Finale, MuseScore, Noteflight Premium, Notion, and Sibelius Ultimate
- Software Choice: Music Content Requirements
- Basic Setup and Operation
- Note Entry
- Basic Editing
- Editing Music Details
- Playback, Printing, and Saving/Sharing
- Specialized Features of Importance Found in Exemplars
- Other Scorewriter Software for Desktop Computers
- Scorewriters for Mobile Devices
- Sibelius and Dorico (iPadOS)
- Notion (iPadOS)
- StaffPad (iPadOS, Windows)
- Optical and Audio Music Scanning Software
- Characteristics of Optical and Audio Music Scanning Software
- SmartScore X2 (macOS, Windows)
- Music-to-XML (macOS, Windows
- PhotoScore Ultimate & NotateMe Ultimate 2020 (macOS, Windows)
- ScanScore (macOS, Windows)
- PlayScore 2 Professional (iOS, iPadOS, Android)
- Digital Music Reader Applications
- Characteristics of Digital Music Readers
- forScore (iOS, iPadOS)
- Newzik (iOS, iPadOS)
- TomPlay (iOS, iPadOS, Android, Windows, MacOS, Web-Based
- Webport VI: Module 21 (e-book only)
Module 22: Hardware for Music Printing, Scanning, and Mobile Music Reading
- Why Study This Module?
- Printers for Music Notation
- Overview of Printer Concepts and Operations
- The Mechanics of Inkjet and Laser Printing
- Physical Properties in Common with Inkjet and Laser Printers
- Printing Music Parts and Scores
- Setting Up Music Page Sizes for Printing from a Scorewriter
- Final Notes on Laser and Inkjet Printers for Music
- Scanners and OMR
- The Mechanics of a Scanner
- Optical Music Recognition (OMR)
- Accessories for Digital Music Reader Apps
- Page Turners
- Tablet Mounts
- Pencil and Stylus
- Webport VI: Module 22 (e-book only)
Project Details for Viewport VI
Viewport VII. Software for Music Teaching and Learning
Overview
- Music Technology in Practice: Music Clinician and Music Educator—Barbara Freedman
- Suggested Projects for Viewport VII
Module 23: Software and Resources for Music Teaching and Learning
- Why Study This Module?
- Changing Landscape of Music Pedagogy
- Scenarios to Consider
- Underlying Themes
- Pedagogical Skill and Knowledge to Use Technology
- Resources Dedicated to Music Teaching and Learning
- Listening/Conceptual Study: Younger Learners (e-book only)
- Listening/Conceptual Study: More Advanced Learners (ebook only)
- Performance: Younger Learners ((e-book only)
- Performance: More Advanced Learners (e-book only)
- Composition: Younger Learners (e-book only)
- Composition: More Advanced Learners (e-book only)
- Webport VII Resources (e-book only)
Module 24: Further Technology Resources for Teaching and Learning (All of Module 24 is ebook only)
- Why Study This Module?
- Music-Related Website Resources
- Interdisciplinary Resources
- Podcasts
- Portals of Music Teaching Resources
- Portals for Audio/Printed Music
- Music Education Blogs
- General Technological Resources
- Distance Learning and Conferencing
- Learning Management Systems
- Portfolio Management
- Video Applications
- Assessment Aids
- Social Media and Building a Personal Learning Network (PLN)
- Social Media in Action for Music Teaching and Learning
- Personal Learning Networks
- Music Production Content in Service to Music Teaching and Learning
- Webport VII: Module 24
Project Details for Viewport VII
Postlude
Appendices
- A. EMT Workstation Equipment Codes
- B. Selected Readings
- C. EMT Competency Checklist
- Indexes
